{"id":10962,"date":"2024-10-08T12:31:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T04:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/app11147.cloudwayssites.com\/?p=10962"},"modified":"2025-06-25T13:16:57","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T05:16:57","slug":"grade-440","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-440\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, X\u1eed l\u00fd, \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 Th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n SteelPRO<\/em><\/strong> Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, kho c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m SS 440 (UNS S44000): t\u1ea5m, l\u00e1, cu\u1ed9n, d\u1ea3i, \u1ed1ng, \u1ed1ng tr\u00f2n, thanh, que, v.v. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: S\u1ed1 1, 2B, 2D, BA, S\u1ed1 3, S\u1ed1 4, HL, S\u1ed1 8, Phun bi, v.v. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100%. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. <\/em><\/strong>Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/em><\/strong><\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd, v.v.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h2>

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon-crom cao thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng 400 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic<\/a>, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3: 440A, 440B, 440C v\u00e0 440F. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m 0,60-1,20% carbon v\u00e0 16-18% crom. 440 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 ASTM A276 v\u00e0 AISI 440, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 SUS440. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong dao, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c. 440 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u00e0i, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ram \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h3>

Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft nhanh n\u01a1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/td>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
\u0110\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng \u0103n u\u1ed1ng<\/td>Dao nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, dao s\u0103n, k\u00e9o, l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/td><\/tr>
H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/td>V\u00f2ng bi, linh ki\u1ec7n van, l\u00f2 xo, \u1ed1c v\u00edt<\/td><\/tr>
\u00d4 t\u00f4<\/td>Tr\u1ee5c, b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng, \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t, linh ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n<\/td><\/tr>
Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/td>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nha khoa, dao m\u1ed5, c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p y t\u1ebf<\/td><\/tr>
M\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>Tr\u1ee5c b\u01a1m, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft, khu\u00f4n, \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c<\/td><\/tr>
H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i<\/td>Tr\u1ee5c ch\u00e2n v\u1ecbt, \u1ed1c v\u00edt h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u01a1m, l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft<\/td><\/tr>
Ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7<\/td>L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao, linh ki\u1ec7n s\u00fang, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h3>

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>

  1. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n\n
  2. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef c\u1ea1nh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho dao v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft.<\/li>\n\n
  3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4n h\u00f2a.<\/li>\n\n
  4. B\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n\n
  5. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t khi \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7.<\/li><\/ol>

    Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 l\u00e0:<\/p>

    1. Gi\u00f2n khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9ng; d\u1ec5 n\u1ee9t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/li>\n\n
    2. C\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n\n
    3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p austenit nh\u01b0 304 ho\u1eb7c 316.<\/li>\n\n
    4. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 h\u00e0n do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao.<\/li>\n\n
    5. \u0110\u1eaft h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic kh\u00e1c.<\/li><\/ol>

      C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h3>

      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>

      Qu\u1ed1c gia<\/strong><\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\/\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/td>L\u1edbp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
      Hoa K\u1ef3<\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTMA276<\/td>440A, 440B, 440C<\/td><\/tr>
      Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/td>EN 10088-1<\/td>1.4112 (440B), 1.4125 (440C)<\/td><\/tr>
      Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T 1220<\/td>9Cr18, 9Cr18Th\u00e1ng<\/td><\/tr>
      \u0110\u1ee9c<\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN17400<\/td>X105CrMo17<\/td><\/tr>
      Nga<\/td>TI\u00caU CHU\u1ea8N 5632<\/td>95X18, 110X18<\/td><\/tr>
      Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n JIS G4303<\/td>SUS440A, SUS440B, SUS440C<\/td><\/tr>
      Anh qu\u1ed1c<\/td>BS 970<\/td>440S29<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

      C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h3>

      C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>

      Kh\u00e1c nhau<\/strong><\/td>N\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/td>T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y thay v\u00ec 440?<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
      440A<\/td>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n carbon th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a 440.<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n<\/td><\/tr>
      440B<\/td>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n carbon t\u1ea7m trung c\u1ee7a 440.<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/td><\/tr>
      440C<\/td>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n carbon cao 440.<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td><\/tr>
      440F<\/td>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a 440.<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1edd b\u1ed5 sung l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

      Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h2>

      Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>

      Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 425\u00b0C (797\u00b0F). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 600\u00b0C (1112\u00b0F). Tuy nhi\u00ean, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>

      Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h3>

      Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/a>. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e9p cacbon ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 304 ho\u1eb7c 316. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt, axit nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u00e0u clorua ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n cao, n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7, \u0103n m\u00f2n khe h\u1edf v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (SCC).<\/p>

      Gia c\u00f4ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h2>

      H\u00e0n<\/h3>

      Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p martensitic c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n k\u00e9m. Do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao n\u00ean d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n. <\/p>

      L\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 120-200\u00b0C (250-400\u00b0F) gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 n\u1ee9t. Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9n, thanh th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit, nh\u01b0 308 ho\u1eb7c 309, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 n\u1ee9t. X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t sau khi h\u00e0n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 730-790\u00b0CF (1350-1450\u00b0), l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n. <\/p>

      Tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba n\u1ee9t.<\/p>

      Gia c\u00f4ng<\/h3>

      Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 kh\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng sau khi t\u00f4i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n khi gia c\u00f4ng 440 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7 (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i) r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>

      N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n gia c\u00f4ng sau khi t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft ch\u1eadm, v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i m\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng th\u00eam. Gia c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc chi ti\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00f4i khi, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>

      X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>

      Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 58-62 HRC, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f4i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>

      1. \u1ee6<\/strong>: \u0110un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 850-900\u00b0C, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i ch\u1eadm trong l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 600\u00b0C, r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. \u1ee6 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 735-785\u00b0C v\u1edbi l\u00f2 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1eadm.<\/li>\n\n
      2. L\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng<\/strong>: L\u00e0m n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1010-1065\u00b0C, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u (l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n n\u1eb7ng). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n\n
      3. L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i<\/strong>: Sau khi t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i \u1edf 150-370\u00b0C \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 58-62 HRC) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Tr\u00e1nh t\u00f4i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 425-565\u00b0C, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i \u1edf 590-675\u00b0C, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng.<\/li><\/ol>

        Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h2>

        Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440:<\/p>

        Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/strong><\/td>Cacbon, C<\/strong><\/td>Crom, Cr<\/strong><\/td>S\u1eaft, Fe<\/strong><\/td>Mangan, Mn<\/strong><\/td>Molypden, Mo<\/strong><\/td>Ph\u1ed1t pho, P<\/strong><\/td>Silic, Si<\/strong><\/td>L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, S<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
        N\u1ed9i dung (%)<\/td>0.60-0.75<\/td>16-18<\/td>78,4-83,4 (c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng)<\/td>\u2264 1.0<\/td>\u2264 0,75<\/td>\u2264 0,040<\/td>\u2264 1.0<\/td>\u2264 0,030<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

        T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440<\/h2>

        Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o:<\/p>

        1. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao.<\/li>\n\n
        2. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef c\u1ea1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n\n
        3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4n h\u00f2a.<\/li><\/ol>

          T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h3>

          Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440:<\/p>

          T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh (Metric)<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
          T\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng<\/td>7,80 g\/cc (0,282 lb\/in\u00b3)<\/td>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y<\/td>1.480\u00b0C (2.696\u00b0F)<\/td>\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y cao, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td><\/tr>
          CTE, Tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (0-100\u00b0C\/32-212\u00b0F)<\/td>10,2 \u00b5m\/m-\u00b0C (5,67 \u00b5in\/in-\u00b0F)<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td><\/tr>
          Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (0-100\u00b0C\/32-212\u00b0F)<\/td>0,460 J\/g-\u00b0C (0,110 BTU\/lb-\u00b0F)<\/td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (100\u00b0C\/212\u00b0F)<\/td>24,2 W\/mK (140 BTU-in\/gi\u1edd-ft\u00b2-\u00b0F)<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trung b\u00ecnh, k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>1.55% IACS<\/td>D\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00e9m, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/td><\/tr>
          T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td>T\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee9ng<\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb h\u00f3a khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p austenit<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

          *CTE, Tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t, Tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh.<\/em><\/p>

          T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/h3>

          Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440:<\/p>

          T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>1.750 MPa (254 ksi)<\/td>R\u1ea5t cao, v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 304 (515 MPa)<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/td>1.280 MPa (186 ksi)<\/td>Cao h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Rockwell<\/td>58 HRC<\/td>C\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 c\u1ee9ng, cao h\u01a1n th\u00e9p c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 420 (50-55 HRC)<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i khi \u0111\u1ee9t<\/td>4.00%<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo th\u1ea5p, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao<\/td><\/tr>
          M\u00f4 \u0111un Young<\/td>200 GPa (29 msi)<\/td>M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

          T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/h3>

          Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440:<\/p>

          T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/td>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
          Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/td>T\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y pH<\/td>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c pH kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit ho\u1eb7c baz\u01a1<\/td>Nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit cao; ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trung t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1i ki\u1ec1m<\/td><\/tr>
          Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/td>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 axit ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m<\/td>Trung b\u00ecnh; \u00edt ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u01a1n th\u00e9p cacbon, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 316<\/td><\/tr>
          Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi oxy ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td>Cao, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p austenit nh\u01b0 304<\/td><\/tr>
          th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp oxit b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfp theo<\/td>Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp oxit crom b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316<\/td><\/tr>
          Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u00e1y<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y<\/td><\/tr>
          T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

          S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440, 304 v\u00e0 316<\/h2>

          Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh nhanh gi\u1eefa th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440, 304 v\u00e0 316:<\/p>

          T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td>440<\/strong><\/td>304<\/a><\/strong><\/td>316<\/strong><\/a><\/td><\/tr>
          Ki\u1ec3u<\/td>Martensit<\/td>Austenit<\/td>Austenit<\/td><\/tr>
          C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3<\/td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (BCC)<\/td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t (FCC)<\/td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t (FCC)<\/td><\/tr>
          Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td>Cr: 16-18%, C: 0,60-0,75 %<\/td>Cr: 18-20%, Ni: 8-10,5%<\/td>Cr: \uff0818%, Mo: \uff083%, Ni: \uff0814%<\/td><\/tr>
          Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>T\u1ed1t<\/td>Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/td>1.750 MPa (254 ksi)<\/td>505 MPa (73,2 ksi)<\/td>580 MPa (84,1 ksi)<\/td><\/tr>
          S\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c<\/td>1.280 MPa (186 ksi)<\/td>215 MPa (31,2 ksi)<\/td>290 MPa (42,1 ksi)<\/td><\/tr>
          \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Rockwell<\/td>58 HRC (~101 HRB)<\/td>70 HRB<\/td>79 HRB<\/td><\/tr>
          Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n<\/td>Ngh\u00e8o<\/td>Xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc<\/td>Xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc<\/td><\/tr>
          Tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1<\/td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>Cao h\u01a1n 304<\/td><\/tr>
          \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/td>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft, l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao, v\u00f2ng bi<\/td>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/td>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

          Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan t\u00e2m<\/h2>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m dao v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>

          S\u1ed1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 tr\u00ean dao c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>

          \u201c440 kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9\u201d tr\u00ean dao \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 cao c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao.<\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1t cho l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 440C v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee1i tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 m\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n.<\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom cao. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba g\u1ec9.<\/p>

          \u0110\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan<\/strong><\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/p>

          L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9?<\/a><\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee7.<\/p>

          \u0110\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan
          <\/strong>          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n do \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 an to\u00e0n cho th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t.<\/p>

          L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440?<\/h3>

          \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440, h\u00e3y nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 400-750\u00b0F (200-400\u00b0C) sau khi t\u00f4i, sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eef \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 trong 1-2 gi\u1edd, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f4i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng mong mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai.<\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i th\u00e0nh l\u01b0\u1ee1i r\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee1i s\u1eafc nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao.<\/p>

          T\u00f3m t\u1eaft & Th\u00eam n\u1eefa<\/h2>

          B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 440. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y xem blog c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a>.<\/p>

          L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Th\u00e9pPRO<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m 100% v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Gh\u00e9 th\u0103m trang web c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/a>. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t!<\/p>

          <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          SteelPRO Group inventory now has SS 440 (UNS S44000) products in stock: plates, sheets, coils, strips, pipes, tubing, bars, rods, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10930,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4191,112],"tags":[4275],"class_list":["post-10962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grades","category-stainless-steel","tag-featured"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10962"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10962\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10962"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10962"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}