{"id":20685,"date":"2025-02-20T04:52:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-19T20:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/?p=20685"},"modified":"2025-03-04T17:50:18","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T09:50:18","slug":"what-is-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/alloy-steel\/what-is\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, lo\u1ea1i, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01a1n 60% m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n, nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i h\u01a1n, th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i.&nbsp;<\/p><p>T\u1ea1i SteelPro Group, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tin d\u00f9ng. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2><p>Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1c s\u1eaft-cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 crom, niken ho\u1eb7c molypden (h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1\u201350%) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p cacbon th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n: \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o cao h\u01a1n th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m t\u1eeb 2-4 l\u1ea7n<\/li>\n\n<li>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/li>\n\n<li>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed: Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u00e0i h\u01a1n gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed thay th\u1ebf<\/li><\/ul><p>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1p m\u00e1y bay (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u00e9p 4340), h\u00e0m nghi\u1ec1n (th\u00e9p mangan) v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316).<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim<\/h2><p>H\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a bi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u1edbi:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i<\/strong>: Ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb cong v\u00eanh ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i<\/strong>: Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong>: Duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi 0 \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n<\/strong>: Ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 ma s\u00e1t cao.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a<\/strong>: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft, khoan ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim: C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2<\/h2><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Crom (Cr)<\/strong> \u2014 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n.<\/li><\/ul><p>Crom ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi oxy \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp oxit crom th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng (Cr\u2082O\u2083) tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00e9p, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n oxy. \u1ede n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 &gt;12%, n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Niken (Ni)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh austenit.<\/li><\/ul><p>Niken \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh pha austenit \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, tinh ch\u1ec9nh ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb d\u1ebbo sang gi\u00f2n (DBTT).<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Molip\u0111en (Mo)<\/strong> \u2014 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li><\/ul><p>Molypden t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh cacbua \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh (Mo\u2082C) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng th\u00f4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (&gt;500\u00b0C), gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Vanadi (V)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 tinh x\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t.<\/li><\/ul><p>Vanadi k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t V(C, N) trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Hall-Petch.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Mangan (Mn)<\/strong> \u2014 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed oxy, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng n\u00f3ng.<\/li><\/ul><p>Mangan k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t MnS, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eafn n\u00f3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u00e8n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng n\u00f3ng.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Vonfram (W)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><p>Vonfram t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh cacbua vonfram (WC) c\u1ef1c c\u1ee9ng trong th\u00e9p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 600\u2013800\u00b0C.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Coban (Co)<\/strong> \u2014 T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecf (\u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng n\u00f3ng).<\/li><\/ul><p>Coban \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4 h\u00f3a cacbua trong th\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u00e9p c\u1ea5p M42), c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/h2><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>C\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 k\u00e9o (MPa)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t (MPa)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1018<\/td><td>370\u2013530<\/td><td>220\u2013410<\/td><td>80\u201390 HRB<\/td><td>K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p, ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/tool-steel\/grades\/1045\/\">1045<\/a><\/td><td>570\u2013700<\/td><td>330\u2013540<\/td><td>15\u201320HRC<\/td><td>Gia c\u00f4ng chung<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/alloy-steel\/aisi-4130\/\">4130<\/a><\/td><td>655\u2013930<\/td><td>415\u2013655<\/td><td>28\u201332 HRC<\/td><td>Ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 xe th\u1ec3 thao<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/steel-bar\/4140\/\">4140<\/a><\/td><td>655\u20131020<\/td><td>415\u2013655<\/td><td>28\u201332 HRC<\/td><td>Xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/alloy-steel\/9310-steel\/\">4340<\/a><\/td><td>745\u20131280<\/td><td>470\u2013930<\/td><td>35\u201339 HRC<\/td><td>Linh ki\u1ec7n m\u00e1y bay<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/coil\/316l-coil\/\">316L<\/a><\/td><td>485\u2013620<\/td><td>170\u2013310<\/td><td>70\u201390 HB<\/td><td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8620<\/td><td>655\u2013860<\/td><td>415\u2013775<\/td><td>20\u201330 HRC<\/td><td>B\u00e1nh r\u0103ng, tr\u1ee5c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/tool-steel\/cr12mov\/\">C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 D2<\/a><\/td><td>1800\u20132200<\/td><td>1500\u20131800<\/td><td>58\u201362 HRC<\/td><td>Khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp kim lo\u1ea1i<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/tool-steel\/grades\/52100\/\">52100<\/a><\/td><td>850\u20131050<\/td><td>500\u2013800<\/td><td>60\u201365 HRC<\/td><td>V\u00f2ng bi, th\u00e9p c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p>SteelPro cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 100 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 giao h\u00e0ng trong ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim<\/h2><p>Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo t\u1ed5ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ee3p kim (c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eaft) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. Trong khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ea5p\/trung b\u00ecnh\/cao t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, th\u00e9p chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.&nbsp;<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ea5p<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9a t\u1edbi 5% th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 khoan d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1p m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1<\/strong>: AISI 4140, SAE 4340, EN 1.7225<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim trung b\u00ecnh<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim 5-10% v\u00e0 nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. N\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1eaft khe nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee5c tua bin gi\u00f3, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u1ed5 bi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1<\/strong>: 52100, 6150, 8620<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim cao<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim cao ch\u1ee9a h\u01a1n 10% th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1<\/strong>: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304, Toolox 44, Maraging 250<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00e1c<\/h3><p>Ngo\u00e0i th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ea5p, trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cao, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/product-category\/stainless-steel\/\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/a><\/strong>: C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 10,5%.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/tool-steel\/\">Th\u00e9p c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/a><\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Th\u00e9p HSLA (Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ea5p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao)<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a h\u1ee3p kim vi m\u00f4 nh\u01b0 Nb v\u00e0 V \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 khung xe t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/advanced-high-strength-steel\/\">Th\u00e9p AHSS<\/a> (Th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn)<\/strong>: C\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 nhi\u1ec1u pha \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o: Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h2><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4<\/li><\/ol><p>Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao (\u226598% Fe), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y trong l\u00f2 cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1eaft n\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n h\u1ee3p kim, nh\u01b0 crom, niken ho\u1eb7c molypden, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1edf d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi s\u1eaft n\u1ec1n. L\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 30% ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u th\u00e9p t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p><ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim<\/li><\/ol><p>Pha tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng r\u1eafn. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a SteelPro t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n (FEM), \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p><ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>N\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y &amp; H\u1ee3p kim<\/li><\/ol><p>\u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y trong L\u00f2 h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n (EAF) \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 1.600\u20131.700\u00b0C b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c than ch\u00ec. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ebb nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, l\u00f2 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n.<\/p><p>Sau khi n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed oxy nh\u01b0 nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 silic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf oxy. Canxi oxit (CaO) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim nh\u01b0 crom v\u00e0 niken \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p.<\/p><ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t c\u01a1<\/li><\/ol><p>Th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p><ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/li><\/ol><p>X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng th\u00e9p, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.&nbsp;<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>F<strong>sai l\u1ea7m<\/strong> V\u00e0 <strong>c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 austenit<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Th\u00e9p gi\u00e0u cacbon<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft gi\u1eefa <strong>760\u00b0C v\u00e0 1300\u00b0C<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Th\u00e9p Martensitic<\/strong>, c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim<\/h2><p>Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thanh, t\u1ea5m, t\u1ea5m, \u1ed1ng, d\u00e2y, r\u00e8n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u00d4 t\u00f4<\/strong>: C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng treo.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/strong>: C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y bay, c\u00e1nh tua bin, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 thi c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: D\u1ea7m k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, thanh c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>: Linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khoan d\u1ea7u, tua bin.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 &amp; S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong>: Khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, th\u00e2n t\u00e0u, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng<\/strong>: Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 y h\u1ecdc<\/strong>: D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ecfi: Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3><p>A: H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 304) s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh khi l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ecfi: Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3><p>A: Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 oxy, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H: Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 b\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3><p>A: C\u00f3, th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H: Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim so v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p>A: Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n 3 l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n 2,8 l\u1ea7n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u00fap kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H: T\u1ea1i sao n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn SteelPro Group?<\/h3><p>A: V\u1edbi h\u01a1n 50 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m, SteelPro Group cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 24\/7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ASTM\/EN\/DIN.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia<\/h2><p>Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, t\u1eeb d\u1ea7m nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 vi ph\u1eabu. SteelPro Group d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p luy\u1ec7n kim ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01a1n 60% m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u00e9p b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n, nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":20689,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4308],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alloy-steel"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20685"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20685\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}