{"id":21573,"date":"2025-03-11T06:18:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T22:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/?p=21573"},"modified":"2025-03-11T13:40:12","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T05:40:12","slug":"white-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/galvanized-steel\/maintenance\/white-rust\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh r\u1ec9 s\u1eaft tr\u1eafng: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba"},"content":{"rendered":"

R\u1ec9 tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm. N\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. N\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh khi th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, khi\u1ebfn l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u1ebdm ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh k\u1ebdm hydroxit. <\/span><\/p>

Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>

R\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>

R\u1ec9 tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0103n m\u00f2n ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u1ebdm c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm. N\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra khi th\u00e9p m\u1edbi m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. R\u1ec9 tr\u1eafng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu l\u1edbp k\u1ebdm b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng sau khi m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh r\u1ec9 tr\u1eafng.<\/span><\/p>

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h3>

R\u1ec9 s\u00e9t th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea3y m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a s\u1eaft, trong khi r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 c\u1eb7n b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm?<\/span><\/h2>

\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m<\/span><\/h3>

R\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u1ebdm, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh k\u1ebdm hydroxit v\u00e0 theo th\u1eddi gian, k\u1ebdm cacbonat. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao.<\/span><\/p>

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u01b0a k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/span><\/p>

Ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/h3>

Ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. Khi th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 g\u1ea7n b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u1edf c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/span><\/p>

L\u01b0u tr\u1eef kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch<\/span><\/h3>

M\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. N\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edch t\u1ee5 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>

T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh r\u1ec9 s\u1eaft l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>

R\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cho th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm.<\/span><\/p>

N\u00f3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho l\u1edbp k\u1ebdm, khi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n. S\u1ef1 l\u1ed9 ra n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, g\u1ec9 tr\u1eafng t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f3 coi, tr\u1eafng ph\u1ea5n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi. <\/span><\/p>

B\u1ec7nh r\u1ec9 s\u1eaft tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/h3>

C\u00f3, r\u1ec9 tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan r\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd. N\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u1ebdm, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u00eam. Vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm.<\/span><\/p>

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm?<\/span><\/h2>

Kho<\/span><\/h3>
  1. Lu\u00f4n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, gi\u1eef th\u00e9p trong nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i che c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m.<\/span><\/li>\n\n
  2. N\u00e2ng th\u00e9p l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng pallet. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m.<\/span><\/li>\n\n
  3. Khi c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3, tr\u00e1nh x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng qu\u00e1 g\u1ea7n nhau. T\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u00edch t\u1ee5.<\/span><\/li>\n\n
  4. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00e9p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5m ph\u1ee7 tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e9p kh\u1ecfi m\u01b0a trong khi v\u1eabn cho ph\u00e9p h\u01a1i \u1ea9m tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/h3>
    1. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/li>\n\n
    2. N\u1ebfu th\u00e9p b\u1ecb d\u00ednh b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, h\u00e3y r\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/li>\n\n
    3. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ph\u00e9p tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ed1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<\/span><\/li>\n\n
    4. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi mu\u1ed1i, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1edbp ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n k\u1ebdm kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

      Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng<\/span><\/h2>

      Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng sau khi m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ec9 tr\u1eafng. B\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u1ebdm kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a nhanh khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh r\u1ec9 tr\u1eafng. <\/span><\/p>

      th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng cromat<\/span><\/h3>

      Th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a cromat li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch axit cromic v\u00e0o th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t crom gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. N\u00f3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm.<\/span><\/p>

      Th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Cromat<\/span><\/h3>

      Th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cromat s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1i k\u1ebdm, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cromat trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0103n m\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>