{"id":7852,"date":"2024-08-08T01:34:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T17:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/app11147.cloudwayssites.com\/?p=7852"},"modified":"2025-02-18T10:23:54","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T02:23:54","slug":"types","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/types\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9: T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0o?<\/h2><p>C\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic, Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic, Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic, Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex v\u00e0 Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a-l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng (PH). M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/type\/austenitic\/\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenit<\/a>, v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 70% s\u1eaft, 16-26% crom v\u00e0 10-22% niken, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 5 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.&nbsp;<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh g\u00ec?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 Austenitic t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 s\u1eaft ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/strong>: H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom cao t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp oxit th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, ngay c\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 r\u1ed7 cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n<\/strong>:M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai. Th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh<\/strong>:Th\u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cao, cho ph\u00e9p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n, k\u00e9o v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n<\/strong>: B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t sau khi h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/strong>:Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenitic n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh martensit, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb t\u00ednh nh\u1eb9 sau c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh n\u1eb7ng ho\u1eb7c gia c\u00f4ng.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh<\/strong>: B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec7 sinh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng gi\u00f2n ngay c\u1ea3 khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00f2 nung v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u00e1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/strong>:N\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 axit, ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 clorua, r\u1ea5t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u1ea5p<\/strong>:Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong>:Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li><\/ul><p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y trong kho\u1ea3ng 1371-1454\u00b0C (2500-2650\u00b0F), ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. <\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i 200 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i 300, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-201\/\">201<\/a>: <\/strong>Ch\u1ee9a 16-18% crom, 3.5-5.5% niken v\u00e0 5.5-7.5% mangan. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, b\u1ed3n r\u1eeda v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-202\/\">202<\/a>: <\/strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 201 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mangan cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 trang tr\u00ed \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-304\/\">304<\/a><\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 18-20% crom v\u00e0 8-10.5% niken. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-316\/\">316<\/a><\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 16-18% crom, 10-14% niken v\u00e0 2-3% molypden. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung molypden gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n khe h\u1edf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>310<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 24-26% crom v\u00e0 19-22% niken. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom v\u00e0 niken t\u0103ng l\u00ean c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. N\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1150\u00b0C (2100\u00b0F). N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00f2, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, l\u1edbp l\u00f3t l\u00f2 v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1t. C\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-303\/\">303<\/a><\/strong>: T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 304 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh (0,15-0,35%). N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 so v\u1edbi 304. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00edt, bu l\u00f4ng, \u0111ai \u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi gia c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u. N\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/308\/\">308<\/a><\/strong>: Th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 20% crom v\u00e0 10% niken, mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom v\u00e0 niken c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 n\u1ee9t nhi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n, mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp<\/strong>: B\u1ed3n r\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng, dao k\u00e9o v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 v\u00e0 316 v\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/strong>: D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p 316 do c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong>: B\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p 304 v\u00e0 316 v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/strong>:C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, l\u1edbp \u1ed1p, lan can v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trang tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/strong>:H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3, b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trang tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p 304 v\u00e0 321 v\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/strong>:C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c, khung m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p 310 v\u00e0 321 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng<\/strong>: Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed3n \u1ee7 bia v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u1eefa, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p 304 v\u00e0 316 v\u00ec t\u00ednh v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/type\/ferritic\/\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic<\/a>, bao g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng 85% s\u1eaft v\u00e0 10-30% crom, c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken th\u1ea5p, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u00f4 t\u00f4, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferritic bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh g\u00ec?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/strong>:N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng oxy h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 do clorua v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n khe h\u1edf k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p austenit.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai<\/strong>: N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/strong>:Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n<\/strong>: Nh\u00ecn chung kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p austenit, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh gi\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong> H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom cao nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u01a1n th\u00e9p austenit. Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed niken cao.<\/li><\/ul><p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferritic c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 1425-1510\u00b0C (2600-2750\u00b0F), khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferritic v\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i 400. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i 400, 409, 430, 434 v\u00e0 446 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferritic.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-409\/\">409<\/a><\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 10,5-11,75% crom v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-430\/\">430<\/a><\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 16-18% crom v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, trang tr\u00ed \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-434\/\">434<\/a><\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 16-18% crom v\u00e0 0,75-1,25% molypden, mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>446<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 23-27% crom v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00f2, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&nbsp;<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 (409), trang tr\u00ed \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u1ed3n r\u1eeda nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n b\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng (430) v\u00ec t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong>: L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00f2 v\u00e0 n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i (446) do c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trang tr\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u cho c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m \u1ed1p v\u00e0 lan can, do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u1ed3ng m\u00e1y gi\u1eb7t, m\u00e1y r\u1eeda ch\u00e9n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m \u1ed1p trong nh\u00e0 v\u00ec gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p><a href=\"http:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/types\/martensite\/\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/a>, bao g\u1ed3m 70-80% s\u1eaft, 12-18% crom v\u00e0 0,1-1,2% cacbon, \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n trong s\u1ed1 5 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh cao, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u00e2n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng th\u00f4ng qua x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong dao k\u00e9o, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 cacbon cao v\u00e0 cacbon th\u1ea5p.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh g\u00ec?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao:<\/strong> V\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n trung b\u00ecnh:<\/strong> C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p austenit v\u00e0 th\u00e9p ferritic.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n:<\/strong> V\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ram n\u00ean n\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh:<\/strong> Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ram c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li><\/ul><p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1400 \u0111\u1ebfn 1450\u00b0C (2550 \u0111\u1ebfn 2650\u00b0F), ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p><ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Austenit h\u00f3a<\/strong>: \u0110un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 950-1050\u00b0C (1740-1920\u00b0F) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh austenit, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i th\u00e9p.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i<\/strong>: L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i th\u00e9p nhanh ch\u00f3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh martensit v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao.<\/li>\n\n<li><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><strong>L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i<\/strong>: L\u00e0m n\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 150-600\u00b0C (300-1100\u00b0F) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 dai c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><p>C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng 400, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 410 v\u00e0 420, l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-410\/\">410<\/a><\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 11,5-13,5% crom v\u00e0 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 0,15% carbon. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p martensitic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong dao k\u00e9o, l\u01b0\u1ee1i tuabin h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-420\/\">420<\/a><\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 12-14% crom v\u00e0 0,15-0,40% carbon. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi van ha cao h\u01a1n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-440\/\">440A, 440B, 440C<\/a><\/strong>: C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a crom 16-18% v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon kh\u00e1c nhau (0,6-1,2%). Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n cao, trong \u0111\u00f3 440C l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong dao k\u00e9o, \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n van ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-431\/\">431<\/a><\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 15-17% crom v\u00e0 0,2-0,4% carbon. Cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eafc. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y bay, tr\u1ee5c b\u01a1m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&nbsp;<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 dao k\u00e9o, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, linh ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Dao k\u00e9o v\u00e0 L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong dao, k\u00e9o v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt do \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nha khoa v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong>: Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho tr\u1ee5c b\u01a1m, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn van v\u00e0 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c khi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1nh tua-bin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao kh\u00e1c do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee5c, b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1t bu\u1ed9c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n cao.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/type\/duplex\/\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9p<\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng 50-70% s\u1eaft, 22-25% crom v\u00e0 5-7% niken. V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 austenit v\u00e0 ferit, n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 duplex l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 duplex n\u1ea1c, duplex ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 si\u00eau duplex.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh g\u00ec?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao<\/strong>: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit. Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi<\/strong>: H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom v\u00e0 molypden cao mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7, \u0103n m\u00f2n khe h\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n n\u00f3i chung t\u1ed1t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t n\u1ee9t<\/strong>:Pha ferritic trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a clorua.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t<\/strong>:Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai cao<\/strong>: N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 dai t\u1ed1t, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng cao b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao hay th\u1ea5p.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh:<\/strong> Do c\u00f3 pha ferritic n\u00ean th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 duplex c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, cao h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e9p ferritic ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai pha th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1350 \u0111\u1ebfn 1400\u00b0C (2460 \u0111\u1ebfn 2550\u00b0F), ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>2205<\/strong>: Lo\u1ea1i duplex \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee9a 22% crom, 5-6% niken v\u00e0 3% molypden. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>2507 (Si\u00eau Duplex)<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 25% crom, 7% niken v\u00e0 4% molypden, mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi 2205. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0103n m\u00f2n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>2304<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 23% crom v\u00e0 4% niken, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 molypden. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t trong khi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u01a1n 2205. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>2101 (C\u0103n h\u1ed9 song l\u1eadp nghi\u00eang)<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken v\u00e0 molypden th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, b\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&nbsp;<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u<\/strong>:N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e0n khoan ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1ea7u, m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y<\/strong>: Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n, m\u00e1y r\u1eeda thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/type\/precipitation-hardening\/\">K\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/a>, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 PH, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng 70% s\u1eaft, 17% crom, 4% niken v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i r\u1eafn. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf. Lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua x\u1eed l\u00fd dung d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e3o h\u00f3a. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i: martensitic, b\u00e1n austenitic, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 austenitic.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, \u0111\u1ed9 dai, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao<\/strong>:Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p, khi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t<\/strong>:N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1eeb t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t<\/strong>:M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 PH v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n<\/strong>:C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t sau khi h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh<\/strong>:N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng th\u00f4ng qua x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u00f4i k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1400 \u0111\u1ebfn 1450\u00b0C (2550 \u0111\u1ebfn 2650\u00b0F), ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u00f4i k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-630\/\">17-4 PH<\/a> (UNS S17400)<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 17% crom, 4% niken v\u00e0 4% \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 PH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>15-5 PH (UNS S15500)<\/strong>: T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 17-4 PH nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai cao h\u01a1n. Ch\u1ee9a crom 15%, niken 5% v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed5 sung. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>13-8 th\u00e1ng (UNS S13800)<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 13% crom, 8% niken v\u00e0 2% molypden. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>PH 13-8 th\u00e1ng (UNS S13800)<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Ch\u1ee9a crom 13%, niken 8% v\u00e0 molypden 2%. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>17-7 PH (UNS S17700)<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a 17% crom, 7% niken v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, l\u00f2 xo v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&nbsp;<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1nh tua bin v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1p v\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n tr\u00ean tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong>: Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, \u1ed1c v\u00edt v\u00e0 l\u00f2 xo \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecfi.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/strong>:\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nha khoa v\u00ec t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong>: Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 van, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u1ee5c ch\u00e2n v\u1ecbt, \u1ed1c v\u00edt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h2><p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Crom (Cr)<\/strong>: C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Niken (Ni)<\/strong>: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u00e9p austenit.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Molip\u0111en (Mo)<\/strong>: T\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 khe h\u1edf, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0u clorua.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Cacbon (C)<\/strong>: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Nit\u01a1 (N)<\/strong>: C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf th\u00e9p hai pha.<\/li><\/ol><p>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">So s\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h2><p>\u0102n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7, \u0103n m\u00f2n khe h\u1edf v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang:<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic (304)<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/strong>: 18% crom, 8% niken.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0102n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong>: D\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7 khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi clorua.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic (430)<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/strong>: Crom, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 niken.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0102n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong>: D\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic (410)<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/strong>: H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0102n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong>: D\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex (2205)<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/strong>: C\u00e1c pha c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0102n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong>: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a-l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng (17-4 PH)<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0102n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong>: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li><\/ul><p>M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom, molypden v\u00e0 nit\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 hay 316 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n?<\/h2><p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp n\u00f3i chung, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00ec gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a molypden, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n khe h\u1edf v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua.<\/p><p><strong>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/comparisons\/304-vs-316\/\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 so v\u1edbi 316<\/a><\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 hay 420 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n?<\/h2><p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 420 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi dao k\u00e9o, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi 304.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9?<\/h2><p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p.&nbsp;<\/p><p>Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eeb t\u00ednh r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch: th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit nh\u01b0 304 v\u00e0 316 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, trong khi th\u00e9p ferritic v\u00e0 martensitic nh\u01b0 430 v\u00e0 420 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Ki\u1ec3m tra tia l\u1eeda bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0i th\u00e9p v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c tia l\u1eeda; c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1eabu tia l\u1eeda ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng axit nitric, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hu\u1ef3nh quang tia X (XRF) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u1ec9?<\/h2><p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 304 v\u00e0 316 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 cao do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom v\u00e0 niken cao. 316, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam molypden, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111a n\u0103ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i\u2014cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, duplex hay k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a c\u1ee9ng\u2014\u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh ri\u00eang. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n hay \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n.<\/p><p>S\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u00ecm lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. H\u00e3y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9!<\/p><p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7848,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[112],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7852","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stainless-steel"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7852"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7852\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7848"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}