{"id":7859,"date":"2024-08-08T03:20:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T19:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/app11147.cloudwayssites.com\/?p=7859"},"modified":"2024-11-26T10:09:25","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T02:09:25","slug":"martensitic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/types\/martensite\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 Th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 t\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u1ed1i (BCT) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi d\u00f2ng 400 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferritic. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m crom 12-18% v\u00e0 cacbon 0,1-1,2%. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gia c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenitic.<\/p><p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong dao k\u00e9o, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, van, \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c, c\u00e1nh tua bin, v.v., n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, bao g\u1ed3m austenitic, ferritic, duplex v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/h2><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb s\u1eaft, crom v\u00e0 cacbon. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a crom 12% \u0111\u1ebfn 17% (Cr), gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon (C) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 0,1% \u0111\u1ebfn 1,2%.&nbsp;<\/p><p>Th\u00e9p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 0,4% th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, van v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0,4%, n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 dao, l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n.<\/p><p>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i austenitic, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim crom-niken, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a niken (Ni), ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, niken \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o 431 (1.4057) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 trong 1.4418 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n (c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i cao nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i martensitic).&nbsp;<\/p><p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 bo (B), coban (Co), niobi (Nb) v\u00e0 titan (Ti) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/h2><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t cao sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n\n<li>C\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit.<\/li>\n\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh.<\/li><\/ol><p>Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n.<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p martensitic c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cao, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00f5m.<\/td><td>R\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 60 HRC.<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u0103ng theo h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon; qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 450-500\u00b0C.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/td><td>Trung b\u00ecnh, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 austenit.<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ram.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1, v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/td><td>Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 600\u00b0C trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td><td>S\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/td><td>C\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac martensitic.<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p cacbon th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh<\/td><td>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t.<\/td><td>C\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, d\u1ec5 n\u1ee9t do \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n.<\/td><td>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n<\/td><td>D\u1ec5 h\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt.<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n k\u00e9m do b\u1ecb c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n.<\/td><td>C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc (400-600\u00b0F) v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ee9t.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng<\/td><td>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c ram.<\/td><td>Gia c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ec1m (\u1ee7); vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0o 416 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n<\/td><td>C\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng g\u00e3y ho\u1eb7c v\u1ee1 nh\u01b0ng \u00edt bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/td><td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00f2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau khi c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qua t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n.<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n t\u0103ng do \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao; qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/h2><p>Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao.<\/li>\n\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n\n<li>Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9.<\/li>\n\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n<li>Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao.<\/li><\/ol><p>Nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n k\u00e9m.<\/li>\n\n<li>D\u1ec5 b\u1ecb gi\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n\n<li>C\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ee9t.<\/li>\n\n<li>\u00cdt d\u1ebbo h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c.<\/li><\/ol><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Martensitic h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?&nbsp;<\/h2><p><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac martensitic trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nung n\u00f3ng th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh austenit r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh (l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i t\u00f4i), khi\u1ebfn austenit chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh martensitic c\u1ee9ng, gi\u00f2n.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p><p>S\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh Austenit (Austenitising)<\/h3><p>L\u00e0m n\u00f3ng th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa <strong>925\u00b0C \u2013 1070\u00b0C (1700\u00b0F \u2013 1950\u00b0F)<\/strong>. \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh austenit, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed s\u1eaft t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo m\u1ed9t <strong>kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t (FCC)<\/strong> l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eaft c\u00e1o.<\/li>\n\n<li>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon <strong>h\u00f2a tan <\/strong>\u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y.<\/li><\/ul><p><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh (l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i)<\/h3><p>Sau khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 mong mu\u1ed1n, th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>l\u00e0m m\u00e1t nhanh ch\u00f3ng<\/strong>, ho\u1eb7c <strong>\u0111\u00e3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft<\/strong>, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>D\u1ea7u<\/li>\n\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/li>\n\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li><\/ul><p><\/p><p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Martensit<\/h3><p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eadp t\u1eaft:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>L\u00e0m m\u00e1t nhanh ch\u00f3ng ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba <strong>nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon<\/strong> t\u1eeb <strong>khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra kh\u1ecfi<\/strong> m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1eaft.<\/li>\n\n<li>Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c <strong>nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a martensit (Ms)<\/strong>, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng <strong>300\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 400\u00b0C (570\u00b0F \u0111\u1ebfn 750\u00b0F)<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac austenit FCC b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh <strong>t\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (BCT)<\/strong> c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>mactensit<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n<li>S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda <strong>nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n martensit (Mf)<\/strong>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 <strong>d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng<\/strong>, \u0111\u00f4i khi th\u1ea5p t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c <strong>150\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 200\u00b0C (300\u00b0F \u0111\u1ebfn 390\u00b0F)<\/strong> d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Ms.<\/li>\n\n<li>S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<\/strong>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u1ea7m xa.<\/li><\/ul><p><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai<\/h3><p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u <strong>\u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u00e9p tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c nung n\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa <strong>200\u00b0C \u2013 600\u00b0C<\/strong>).<\/li>\n\n<li>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a cacbua, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng.<\/li><\/ul><p><\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/h2><p>H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong h\u1ecd th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>C\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>L\u1edbp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>403<\/td><td>EN 1.4003 \/ UNS S40300<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 Crom 12% (Cr), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn tuabin v\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e9n.<\/td><td>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn tua bin h\u01a1i, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-410\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"10387\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">410<\/a><\/td><td>EN 1.4006 \/ UNS S41000<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a Crom (Cr) 12%, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed3 g\u00e1, c\u00e1nh tua bin, dao k\u00e9o, linh ki\u1ec7n van<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-416\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"10382\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">416<\/a><\/td><td>EN 1.4005 \/ UNS S41600<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do c\u00f3 th\u00eam L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh (S) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat.<\/td><td>B\u00e1nh r\u0103ng, tr\u1ee5c, tr\u1ee5c, v\u00edt<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>416Se<\/td><td>AISI 416Se<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi Selen (Se) gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng, mang l\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh.<\/td><td>V\u00edt, bu l\u00f4ng, \u0111ai \u1ed1c, gh\u1ebf van<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-420\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"8612\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">420<\/a><\/td><td>EN 1.4021 \/ UNS S42000<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic Carbon cao (C) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/td><td>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, dao k\u00e9o, b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn van<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>420F<\/td><td>EN 1.4028 + S \/ UNS S42020<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 th\u00eam Ph\u1ed1t pho (P) v\u00e0 L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh (S) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/td><td>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gia c\u00f4ng, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, linh ki\u1ec7n van, \u1ed1c v\u00edt<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-431\/\">431<\/a><\/td><td>EN 1.4057 \/ UNS S43100<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic v\u1edbi Niken (Ni) gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/td><td>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y bay, bu l\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, tr\u1ee5c ch\u00e2n v\u1ecbt, tr\u1ee5c b\u01a1m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>431F<\/td><td>AISI 431F<\/td><td>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a 431 c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh ho\u1eb7c selen \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng.<\/td><td>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn van, tr\u1ee5c b\u01a1m, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>440A<\/td><td>EN 1.4109 \/ UNS S44002<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Carbon (C) th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e9p 440B, mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3m.<\/td><td>Dao s\u0103n, dao m\u1ed5, v\u00f2ng bi, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>440B<\/td><td>EN 1.4112 \/ UNS S44003<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Carbon (C) th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p 440C, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.<\/td><td>L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao, \u0111\u1ee5c, van c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>440C<\/td><td>EN 1.4125 \/ UNS S44004<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Carbon cao (C) mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u0111a, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Crom (Cr) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<\/td><td>V\u00f2ng bi, dao, khu\u00f4n, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>440F<\/td><td>EN 1.4104 \/ AISI 440F<\/td><td>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a 440A c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng.<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng dao k\u00e9o, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, dao, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>422<\/td><td>EN 1.4935 \/ UNS S42200<\/td><td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic c\u00f3 th\u00eam Molypden (Mo), Vanadi (V) v\u00e0 Vonfram (W), mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/td><td>C\u00e1nh tuabin, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, bu l\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u1ed1c v\u00edt<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/grade-630\/\">17-4 PH<\/a><\/td><td>EN 1.4542 \/ UNS S17400<\/td><td><em>*Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u1edbi ma tr\u1eadn martensitic <\/em>c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<\/td><td>Linh ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u00e1nh tua bin, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p><em>*<\/em><strong><em>1.4418<\/em><\/strong><em> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean.<\/em><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 m\u00e1c 410 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t do c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/h2><p>Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic:<br><\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00d4 t\u00f4<\/td><td>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3, kim phun nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, van, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/td><td>B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh, \u1ed1c v\u00edt, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1nh tua bin, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 y h\u1ecdc<\/td><td>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nha khoa, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh, dao m\u1ed5, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed<\/td><td>Tr\u1ee5c b\u01a1m, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn van, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ebfng, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td><td>C\u00e1nh tuabin, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u01a1m, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, van, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7<\/td><td>N\u00f2ng s\u00fang, dao, l\u1edbp gi\u00e1p, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u00ean l\u1eeda, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>X\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td><td>M\u00e1y b\u01a1m, van, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/td><td>L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft, m\u00e1y xay th\u1ecbt, b\u0103ng chuy\u1ec1n, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic c\u00f3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m dao kh\u00f4ng?&nbsp;<\/h3><p>C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m dao v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee9ng Martensitic so v\u1edbi Austenitic so v\u1edbi Ferritic so v\u1edbi Duplex so v\u1edbi k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a<\/h2><p>So s\u00e1nh n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic<\/strong><\/td><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/type\/austenitic\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"7858\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/type\/ferritic\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"8334\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ferritic<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/type\/duplex\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"7868\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/type\/precipitation-hardening\/\">PH Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/a><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3<\/td><td>Martensitic (BCT)<\/td><td>Austenit (FCC)<\/td><td>Ferritic (BCC)<\/td><td>Austenitic + Ferritic, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 50% + 50%<\/td><td>Martensitic ho\u1eb7c Austenitic + L\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai cao, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo t\u1ed1t<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai t\u1ed1t<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u00e3y v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t cao sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td><td>Trung b\u00ecnh, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t<\/td><td>Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit v\u00e0 clorua<\/td><td>T\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng oxy h\u00f3a<\/td><td>Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n<\/td><td>T\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n lo\u1ea1i austenit ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i duplex<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n<\/td><td>K\u00e9m, c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau<\/td><td>Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb h\u00e0n<\/td><td>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i sau khi h\u00e0n<\/td><td>T\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/td><td>T\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t sau khi h\u00e0n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/td><td>L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i<\/td><td>Duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/td><td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/td><td>L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao, tr\u1ee5c, linh ki\u1ec7n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed<\/td><td>Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/td><td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u00f4 t\u00f4, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/td><td>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t<\/td><td>H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan t\u00e2m<\/h2><p>B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3><p>C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u00edt crom h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.&nbsp;<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1i sao th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai. T\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, gi\u00fap th\u00e9p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3><p>C\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gia nhi\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t sau khi h\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 martensitic, gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 niken ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb t\u00ednh cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<\/p><p><strong>\u0110\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/properties\/magnetic\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/stainless-steel\/properties\/magnetic\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic v\u00e0 Austenitic l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3><p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic c\u1ee9ng, b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 dao k\u00e9o, trong khi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenitic kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Martensite hay Austenite b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n?<\/h3><p>Martensite b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n austenite do c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u1ed1i (BCT) c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n, gi\u00f2n h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh (t\u00f4i), trong khi austenite m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1n h\u01a1n.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft &amp; Th\u00eam n\u1eefa<\/h2><p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 martensitic. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y xem <a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/blog\/\">blog c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> ho\u1eb7c <a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/contact-us\/\">li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a>.<\/p><p>L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, SteelPRO cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m 100% v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Truy c\u1eadp <a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\">trang web c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam, ho\u1eb7c <a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/contact-us\/\">g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/a>. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ec3 t\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u1ed1i (BCT) [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7841,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4216,112],"tags":[4275],"class_list":["post-7859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-type","category-stainless-steel","tag-featured"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7859","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7859"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7859\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7859"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}