{"id":7861,"date":"2024-08-08T04:05:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T20:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/app11147.cloudwayssites.com\/?p=7861"},"modified":"2025-02-17T19:09:02","modified_gmt":"2025-02-17T11:09:02","slug":"18-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/grades\/18-8\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 Th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/h2>

18\/8, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 304, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit<\/a> v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t (FCC), ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m crom 18% v\u00e0 niken 8%. N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM A240. C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng bao g\u1ed3m SUS304 (JIS) v\u00e0 X5CrNi18-10 (EN).<\/p>

18\/8 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u1eb9 v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. N\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i.<\/p>

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim ch\u1ee9a crom 18% v\u00e0 niken 8%. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201c18\/8\u201d.<\/p>

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u201c304\u201d l\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eaft v\u00e0 Th\u00e9p Hoa K\u1ef3 (AISI), trong khi \u201c18\/8\u201d n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom v\u00e0 niken.<\/p>

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8<\/h2>

Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8:<\/p>

S\u1eaft, Fe<\/strong><\/td>Crom, Cr<\/strong><\/td>Niken, Ni<\/strong><\/td>Mangan, Mn<\/strong><\/td>Silic, Si<\/strong><\/td>Cacbon, C<\/strong><\/td>Nit\u01a1, N<\/strong><\/td>Ph\u1ed1t pho, P<\/strong><\/td>L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, S<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
S\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/td>18-20%<\/td>8-10.5%<\/td>\u22642,0%<\/td>\u22641,0%<\/td>\u22640,08%<\/td>\u22640,10%<\/td>\u22640,045%<\/td>\u22640,03%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8<\/h2>

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4\u2014s\u1eaft, crom, niken v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00e1c\u2014trong l\u00f2 h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t; c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ra.<\/p>

Sau khi tinh ch\u1ebf, kim lo\u1ea1i tinh khi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng r\u1eafn nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f4i. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fac n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng mong mu\u1ed1n kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1n n\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p. Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>

Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e9p tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ee7, m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nung n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Sau khi \u1ee7, th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong dung d\u1ecbch axit \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0o c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i.<\/p>

\u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i, th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ed5 sung, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p.<\/p>

D\u1ec5 h\u00e0n<\/h3>

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u00e0n<\/a> do th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a crom v\u00e0 niken. Kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau khi h\u00e0n, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 TIG, MIG v\u00e0 h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 do c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>

So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 316 ho\u1eb7c 430, 18\/8 cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong khi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a molypden, mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n do c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u00e0n. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 430, l\u00e0 ferritic, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n h\u01a1n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0n, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0n.<\/p>

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng qua x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>

18\/8 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung n\u00f3ng. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i. Gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng th\u00e9p \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, gi\u00fap th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng qua gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i trong khi v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p khi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111a n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8<\/h2>

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o:<\/p>

  1. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao do c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom v\u00e0 niken cao.<\/li>\n\n
  2. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n\n
  3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh do c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 austenit.<\/li><\/ol>

    T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h3>

    Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8:<\/p>

    T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh (Metric\/Imperial)<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
    T\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng<\/td>8,00 g\/cm\u00b3 (0,289 lb\/in\u00b3)<\/td>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1t.<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y<\/td>1400-1455\u00b0C (2550 \u2013 2650\u00b0F)<\/td>\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y cao l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (100\u00b0C)<\/td>16,2 W\/m\u00b7K (9,36 BTU\/gi\u1edd\u00b7ft\u00b7\u00b0F) <\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/td><\/tr>
    CTE, Tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (20\u2103)<\/td>17,3 \u00b5m\/m-\u00b0C (9,61 \u03bcin\/in\u00b7\u00b0F) <\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/td><\/tr>
    Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (0-100\u00b0C)<\/td>500 J\/kg\u00b7K (0,12 BTU\/lb\u00b7\u00b0F) <\/td>Cao; th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t.<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>2.5 % IACS<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/td><\/tr>
    T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td>N\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t phi t\u1eeb t\u00ednh h\u1eefu \u00edch trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

    T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/h3>

    Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8:<\/p>

    T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/td>18\/8 (H\u1ec7 m\u00e9t\/H\u1ec7 Anh)<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/td>505 MPa (73,2 ksi)<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 ASTM A36 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0<\/td><\/tr>
    S\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c<\/td>215 MPa (31,2 ksi)<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i; t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Brinell<\/td>123 HB<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m; h\u1eefu \u00edch cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Rockwell<\/td>70 HRB<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Vickers<\/td>129 HV<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i khi \u0111\u1ee9t<\/td>70%<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo cao; cho ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u00e3y; t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p<\/td><\/tr>
    M\u00f4 \u0111un Young<\/td>193 GPa (28 msi)<\/td>R\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng; gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

    T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/h3>

    Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8:<\/p>

    T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/td>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
    Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td>Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi; v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0u clorua so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y pH<\/td>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c pH kh\u00e1c nhau<\/td>Duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u1ea1m vi pH r\u1ed9ng; linh ho\u1ea1t cho nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau<\/td><\/tr>
    Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/td>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td>Th\u1ea5p; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr>
    Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh oxit<\/td>Cao; t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp oxit b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom cao<\/td><\/tr>
    th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/td>S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/td>Cao; th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t; t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td><\/tr>
    Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u00e1y<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft l\u1eeda<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y<\/td><\/tr>
    T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

    \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>

    Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8:<\/p>

    1. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n\n
    2. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao.<\/li>\n\n
    3. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, an to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n\n
    4. D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n\n
    5. Ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, mang l\u1ea1i v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ec9n chu v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li><\/ol>

      Nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>

      1. \u0110\u1eaft h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n\n
      2. S\u1ef1 n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0u clorua.<\/li>\n\n
      3. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao.<\/li>\n\n
      4. C\u1ea7n v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n\n
      5. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb9.<\/li><\/ol>

        \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8<\/h2>

        \u0110\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nhanh:<\/p>

        Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/td>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/td>T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 18\/8<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
        Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng<\/td>Dao k\u00e9o, \u0110\u1ed3 n\u1ea5u \u0103n, Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, B\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a bia<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/td><\/tr>
        Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/td>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, C\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p y t\u1ebf, Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, Khay kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng<\/td>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, d\u1ec5 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng<\/td><\/tr>
        \u00d4 t\u00f4<\/td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3, trang tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac khu\u00f4n, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, b\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t<\/td><\/tr>
        Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/td>M\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, Lan can, M\u00e1i nh\u00e0, \u1ed0p t\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

        C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h2>

        Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng v\u1eady.<\/p>

        Qu\u1ed1c gia\/Khu v\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\/\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/td>L\u1edbp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
        Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/td>GB\/T3280<\/td>0Cr18Ni9<\/td><\/tr>
        Hoa K\u1ef3<\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTMA240<\/td>304<\/td><\/tr>
        \u0110\u1ee9c<\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN 10088-2<\/td>1.4301 (X5CrNi18-10)<\/td><\/tr>
        Nga<\/td>TI\u00caU CHU\u1ea8N 5632<\/td>08\u042518\u041d10<\/td><\/tr>
        Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/td>EN 10088-2<\/td>X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301)<\/td><\/tr>
        Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/td>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n JIS G4303<\/td>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304<\/td><\/tr>
        Anh qu\u1ed1c<\/td>BS 1449<\/td>304S15, 304S16, 304S31<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

        S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 so v\u1edbi 18\/10 so v\u1edbi 18\/0<\/h2>

        H\u00e3y xem b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh nhanh gi\u1eefa ba lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>

        T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td>18\/8 (304)<\/strong><\/td>18\/0<\/a> (430)<\/strong><\/td>18\/10<\/a> (316)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
        Ki\u1ec3u<\/td>Austenit<\/td>Ferritic<\/td>Austenit<\/td><\/tr>
        C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3<\/td>FCC (Kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t)<\/td>BCC (Kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3)<\/td>FCC (Kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t)<\/td><\/tr>
        Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td>Cr: 18-20%, Ni: 8-10,5%<\/td>Cr: 16-18%, Ni: .5%<\/td>Cr: \uff0818%, Mo: \uff083%, Ni: \uff0814%<\/td><\/tr>
        Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>Cao<\/td><\/tr>
        S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/td>Cao<\/td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>Cao h\u01a1n<\/td><\/tr>
        \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng<\/td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>Cao<\/td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td><\/tr>
        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n<\/td>T\u1ed1t<\/td>Ngh\u00e8o<\/td>T\u1ed1t<\/td><\/tr>
        T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td>T\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td><\/tr>
        Tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1<\/td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>Cao<\/td><\/tr>
        \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\u0110\u1ed3 n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp n\u00f3i chung<\/td>\u0110\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ed3n r\u1eeda, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/td>\u0110\u1ed3 n\u1ea5u \u0103n cao c\u1ea5p, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp cao c\u1ea5p<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

        C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng:<\/strong><\/p>

        1. 18\/0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ferritic, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m kh\u1ed1i;<\/li>\n\n
        2. 18\/0 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a niken;<\/li>\n\n
        3. \u0110\u1ed9 18\/10 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, dao k\u00e9o, v.v. ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken cao h\u01a1n mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n
        4. 18\/8 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed.<\/li><\/ol>

          \u0110\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan<\/strong>
          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 so v\u1edbi 316<\/a> (18\/8 so v\u1edbi 18\/10)
          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/0 so v\u1edbi 18\/10<\/a> (430 so v\u1edbi 316)<\/p>

          Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan t\u00e2m<\/h2>

          B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. N\u00f3 b\u1ec1n, ch\u1eafc, l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng clorua cao v\u00ec n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 c\u00f3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 do c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a crom, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. N\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi clorua m\u1ea1nh (nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y), axit m\u1ea1nh (nh\u01b0 axit clohydric ho\u1eb7c axit sunfuric) ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh (nh\u01b0 natri hydroxit).<\/p>

          \u0110\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan<\/strong>
          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac austenit th\u00e0nh martensite, c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<\/p>

          \u0110\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan<\/strong>
          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/p>

          L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8?<\/h3>

          \u0110\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda nh\u1eb9, sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 lau kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea5m v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. Lu\u00f4n v\u1ec7 sinh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda m\u00e0i m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c len th\u00e9p, v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>

          \u0110\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan<\/strong>
          L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9?<\/a><\/p>

          18\/8 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i 300 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 300. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m 304, 316, 301 v\u00e0 302.<\/p>

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>

          C\u00f3, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>

          T\u00f3m t\u1eaft & Th\u00eam n\u1eefa<\/h2>

          B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y xem blog c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a>.

          L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Th\u00e9pPRO<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m 100% v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Gh\u00e9 th\u0103m           trang web c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/a>. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 18\/8, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 304, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7836,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4191,112],"tags":[4275],"class_list":["post-7861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grades","category-stainless-steel","tag-featured"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7861"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7861"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}