{"id":7871,"date":"2024-08-08T05:37:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T21:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/app11147.cloudwayssites.com\/?p=7871"},"modified":"2024-11-14T10:19:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T02:19:15","slug":"toxic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/toxic-substance-welding\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i th\u1ea3i ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, g\u00e2y nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n.&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00fang, <a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/stainless-steel\/welding\/\">h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/a> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba an to\u00e0n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Khi h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng khi h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9?<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao khi\u1ebfn kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0o b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00f3i kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u, mangan, niken v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi crom trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao khi h\u00e0n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 h\u00e0n h\u1ed3 quang vonfram b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed (GTAW), h\u00e0n h\u1ed3 quang kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed (GMAW) v\u00e0 h\u00e0n h\u1ed3 quang kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (SMAW), n\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i Cr(\u2162) \u00edt nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh Cr(\u2165) c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i khi h\u00edt v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5i. Crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 qua ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi da, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nu\u1ed1t ph\u1ea3i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng b\u1eb1ng tay b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nguy c\u01a1 kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>T\u00ednh g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0: Cr(VI) l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p: H\u00edt ph\u1ea3i Cr(\u2165) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, bao g\u1ed3m ung th\u01b0 m\u0169i v\u00e0 xoang, hen suy\u1ec5n, vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n m\u00e3n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. M\u00f4 ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean da: Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac da v\u1edbi crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y vi\u00eam da nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c vi\u00eam da m\u00e3n t\u00ednh, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, lo\u00e9t da v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u1ed9c t\u00ednh to\u00e0n th\u00e2n: Cr(\u2165) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 quan n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eadn v\u00e0 gan, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>T\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eaft: Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t Cr(\u2165) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u1ee9ng m\u1eaft nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ea5t th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3: L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 x\u1ea3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LEV) \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u00f3i t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang lan v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 chung c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 pha lo\u00e3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (PPE): Th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea9u trang N95 ho\u1eb7c P100, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t Cr(VI); h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n Cr(VI) ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi da v\u00e0 m\u1eaft.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh: Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0n t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt kh\u00f3i h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 crom. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 h\u00e0n laser ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n ch\u00f9m tia \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3i.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f3i quen v\u1ec7 sinh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1t crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u n\u00e0o l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng. C\u1ea7n r\u1eeda tay v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t th\u1eadt s\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n ho\u1eb7c u\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c trong khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y theo d\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 Cr(\u2165) trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t y t\u1ebf: Ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 cho th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m Cr(\u2165). Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, ki\u1ec3m tra da v\u00e0 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc ung th\u01b0.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">mangan<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f3i mangan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra khi h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a mangan, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n l\u00e0m b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i mangan, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t mangan nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00edt th\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ebf nang trong ph\u1ed5i.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi mangan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ed5i. Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi kh\u00f3i mangan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u1ea7n kinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c mangan. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c mangan bao g\u1ed3m run, kh\u00f3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i, co th\u1eaft c\u01a1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh Parkinson kh\u00e1c.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao (HEPA) v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 x\u1ea3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t mangan kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p: Trang b\u1ecb cho th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f3i mangan, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt kh\u00f3i h\u01a1n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t y t\u1ebf: Ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 cho th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c mangan.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Niken<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f3i niken \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim niken. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n khi\u1ebfn niken b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh kh\u00f3i niken oxit.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00edt ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 kh\u00f3i niken x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi niken c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, ho v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf. Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 m\u0169i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, niken c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam da ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 chung \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 niken trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>V\u1ec7 sinh n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: Duy tr\u00ec th\u00f3i quen v\u1ec7 sinh t\u1ed1t, r\u1eeda tay v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n ho\u1eb7c u\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf: N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a niken ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebdm oxit<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f3i oxit k\u1ebdm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra khi h\u00e0n th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm ho\u1eb7c kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao khi h\u00e0n l\u00e0m b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00f3i oxit k\u1ebdm.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u1ebdm oxit x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t kh\u00f3i kim lo\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh c\u00fam, nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1t, \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111au nh\u1ee9c c\u01a1.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi k\u1ebdm oxit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ed5i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebdm oxit cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111au d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u1ebdm kh\u1ecfi kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f3i.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u00fat kh\u00ed: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 thu kh\u00f3i oxit k\u1ebdm ngay t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n: Cung c\u1ea5p cho th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u00e0n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i lao th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cacbon monoxit (CO)<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cacbon monoxit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9a cacbon trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cacbon dioxit l\u00e0m kh\u00ed b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi carbon monoxide x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi hemoglobin trong m\u00e1u, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n oxy c\u1ee7a m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00edt ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u carbon monoxide (CO) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c carbon monoxide. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng bao g\u1ed3m \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, n\u00f4n m\u1eeda, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, v.v. H\u00edt ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1eed vong. C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00ed carbon monoxide bao g\u1ed3m:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n kh\u00ed carbon monoxide.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Theo d\u00f5i: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y d\u00f2 kh\u00ed carbon monoxide \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: Trang b\u1ecb cho th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ecdc kh\u00ed carbon monoxide.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o: Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed carbon monoxide v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d4z\u00f4n (O3)<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ozone \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n t\u1ea1o ra tia UV, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u00e0n h\u1ed3 quang kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed (GMAW) v\u00e0 h\u00e0n h\u1ed3 quang kh\u00ed vonfram (GTAW), trong \u0111\u00f3 tia UV t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi oxy \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ozone.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00f3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ozone \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 ho, k\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ozone c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi ozone c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh hen suy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p m\u00e3n t\u00ednh.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n kh\u00ed ozone ra kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0n.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: Trang b\u1ecb cho th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 l\u1ecdc kh\u00ed ozone.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f4z\u00f4n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n thay th\u1ebf.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3, h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u v\u00e0 niken, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i khi h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00ed n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba an to\u00e0n, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p<\/strong> ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 hen suy\u1ec5n, vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c k\u00edch \u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5i do h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>S\u1ed1t kh\u00f3i kim lo\u1ea1i<\/strong>, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00fam do h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i oxit kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>R\u1ee7i ro d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/strong>, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eadn t\u0103ng cao do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>K\u00edch \u1ee9ng da v\u00e0 m\u1eaft<\/strong> t\u1eeb tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm (UV) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi <strong>crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u<\/strong> V\u00e0 <strong>niken<\/strong>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kh\u00f3 th\u1edf<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>K\u00edch \u1ee9ng m\u0169i, h\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Ho ho\u1eb7c \u0111au h\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>V\u1ecb kim lo\u1ea1i trong mi\u1ec7ng<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, s\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00fam<\/strong> (s\u1ed1t kh\u00f3i kim lo\u1ea1i)<\/li>\n\n<li>Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, <strong>t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c gan<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi kh\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9?<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t sinh do h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111a di\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p, h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n\n<li>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c n\u1eeda k\u00edn, c\u1ea7n l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea1t h\u00fat, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00fat kh\u00f3i... \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, th\u1ea3i kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n ra ngo\u00e0i k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n \u00edt kh\u00f3i, \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n\n<li>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 h\u00e0n laser, h\u00e0n khu\u1ea5y ma s\u00e1t, v.v., t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt kh\u00f3i h\u01a1n.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Trang b\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n m\u00e1y tr\u1ee3 th\u1edf ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1eaft v\u00e0 da<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110eo k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb k\u00edch \u1ee9ng m\u1eaft v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n g\u00e2y ra.<\/li>\n\n<li>M\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa da v\u00e0 kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y h\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/li>\n\n<li>Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c di\u1ec5n t\u1eadp kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>T\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/li>\n\n<li>Ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f3i quen v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 r\u1eeda tay, thay qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 qua da ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ec7ng.<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Theo d\u00f5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0n, bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ed5i, kh\u00e1m m\u1eaft, v.v., nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean theo d\u00f5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/li>\n\n<li>C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n OSHA&nbsp;<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n do C\u01a1 quan Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p (OSHA) \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m cho ph\u00e9p (PEL): <\/strong>OSHA \u0111\u1eb7t ra PEL cho nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t nguy h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m crom h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u00e1u (5 \u00b5g\/m3), mangan (m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n 5 mg\/m3) v\u00e0 niken (1 mg\/m3).<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Theo d\u00f5i ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n PEL.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3:<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c: <\/strong>OSHA y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t y t\u1ebf:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m, OSHA y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n!<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00e9p chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100% \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y xem <a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/blog\/\">blog c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n mua th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i <a href=\"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/contact-us\/\">\u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o gi\u00e1<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Khi h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, g\u00e2y ra nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7849,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4210,112],"tags":[4275],"class_list":["post-7871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-welding","category-stainless-steel","tag-featured"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7871","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7871"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7871\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7871"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7871"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/steelprogroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}