Powder Metal CPM 9V Tool Steel

SteelPro Group offers CPM 9V tool steel, a premium material trusted for its strength and durability. Whether you want high-quality round bars, flat bars, or custom shapes, we’ve got you covered. Our team is here to provide the best solutions tailored to your needs!

What Is CPM 9V Steel?

CPM 9V is a high-performance cold work tool steel produced through the Crucible Particle Metallurgy (CPM) process. It is known for its excellent wear resistance, high toughness, and good compressive strength. The steel’s microstructure features a fine dispersion of carbides, which enhances its durability and overall performance.

CPM 9V is widely used in industrial cutting tools, forming dies, and machine components where both impact resistance and extended wear life are critical. However, it is not recommended for applications where thermal checking or cracking is the primary failure mode. Due to its limited resistance to extreme thermal fluctuations, it is unsuitable for applications involving sudden temperature changes or prolonged exposure beyond 1050–1100°F.

Comparisons Between CPM 9V Steel and Other Steels

The key properties of CPM 9V originate from its high vanadium carbide content, which provides superior wear resistance, while its lower carbon content enhances toughness. Compared to other steels:

• CPM 10V has higher wear resistance and hardness, while CPM 9V has significantly better toughness and impact strength, making it more suitable for tools that experience heavy mechanical stress.
• CPM 9V has higher wear resistance and better toughness than D2, making it more durable in high-impact applications, while D2 is less expensive and easier to machine.
• 1.2343 offers better thermal stability and resistance to heat checking, while CPM 9V provides superior wear resistance and toughness, making it a better choice for cold work applications with severe wear conditions.

CPM 9V Steel Products Forms And Supply Range

We offer a variety of CPM 9V steel products, including round bars, flat bars, and other custom shapes. Our products are manufactured with carefully regulated tolerances to guarantee uniform quality and performance. We can accommodate custom requests if you need sizes beyond our standard range.

Round Bars

• Diameter: 12.7 mm (0.5 in) to 152.4 mm (6 in)

Flat Bars

• Thickness: 6 mm (0.24 in) to 50 mm (2 in)
• Width: 25 mm (1 in) to 200 mm (8 in)

Plates And Sheets

• Thickness: 0.5 mm (0.02 in) to 100 mm (4 in)
• Width: 100 mm (4 in) to 600 mm (24 in)

CPM 9V Steel Chemical Composition

CPM 9V Steel Physical Properties

CPM 9V Steel Mechanical Properties

CPM 9V Steel Heat Treatment

Annealing

Heat to 900°C (1650°F) and maintain for 2 hours.

Cool slowly at a rate no greater than 15°C (30°F) per hour down to 540°C (1000°F), then either furnace cool or air cool to ambient temperature.

Annealing hardness: Approximately BHN 223-255.

Stress Relief

For Annealed Parts: Heat to 595-700°C (1100-1300°F), hold for 2 hours, then either furnace cool or air cool.

For Hardened Parts: Heat to 15°C (25-30°F) below the original tempering temperature, hold for 2 hours, then either furnace cool or air cool.

Hardening

First, preheat to 816-845°C (1500-1550°F) and equalize.

Austenitizing:

• For higher wear resistance: Furnace or salt bath at 1121°C (2050°F), soak for at least 25 minutes.
• For a balance of wear resistance and toughness: Furnace or salt bath at 1066-1093°C (1950-2000°F), and soak for at least 25 minutes.
• For maximum toughness and minimum distortion: Furnace at 1038°C (1900°F) or salt bath at 1025°C (1875°F), soak for at least 45 minutes.
  Quench using air, pressurized gas, warm oil, or other methods. Ensure the temperature drops below 52°C (125°F) after quenching.

Tempering

Minimum tempering temperature: 540°C (1000°F) with double tempering, each for a minimum of 2 hours.

Recommended Heat Treatment

To achieve the optimal balance of toughness and wear resistance, begin by austenitizing CPM 9V at 1120°C (2050°F) for 30-45 minutes, then quench. Afterward, temper three times at 550°C (1025°F). This process will yield a hardness of 54-56 HRC.

Welding CPM 3V Steel

Welding CPM 9V presents significant challenges due to its high alloy content. This is because the steel’s high vanadium and carbon levels contribute to a brittle heat-affected zone (HAZ), increasing the likelihood of fractures developing under thermal stress.

Pre-Weld and Post-Weld Treatments

Due to these risks, welding CPM 9V requires precise thermal control and heat treatment to minimize cracking:

• Preheating – The material should be preheated to a temperature comparable to high-speed steel grades, typically around 900–1100°F (480–600°C), to reduce thermal shock.
• Slow Cooling – After welding, the steel must be cooled gradually, either in a furnace or under insulation, to prevent rapid temperature changes that could cause stress fractures.
• Post-Weld Tempering – A stress-relief heat treatment at 950–1000°F (510–540°C) helps to restore the toughness of the welded area.

Filler Material Selection Based on Welding Area

The choice of filler material depends on the function of the welded section:

• For Non-Working Areas: H13 welding rod is a suitable option when welding areas that do not require extreme wear resistance but still need good toughness and structural integrity.
• For High Wear Areas: M2 high-speed steel filler is recommended for sections exposed to abrasion and heavy wear, as it provides a high alloy composition that enhances durability and hardness.

CPM 9V Steel Applications

• Paper Guillotine Blades
• Plastic Extrusion Dies
• Injection Molding Tools
• Metal Shear Blades
• Cold Forming Dies
• Stamping Dies

Get the Best Quality CPM 9V From SteelPro Group

At SteelPro Group, we specialize in supplying high-quality tool steels, including CPM 9V and H13. Whether you’re looking for standard sizes or custom solutions, our team is dedicated to delivering reliable, precise materials tailored to your specific project needs.