Heat Treatment

• Forging Temperature: Heat uniformly to 1200°C to 1280°C (2192°F to 2336°F); avoid prolonged soaking.
• Cooling after Forging: Cool in air or furnace to prevent unwanted microstructures.
• Normalizing: Heat to 900°C to 950°C (1652°F to 1742°F), hold at temperature, and air cool to room temperature.
• Quenching: Reheat to 900°C to 950°C (1652°F to 1742°F), then quench in water or oil.
• Tempering: Temper at 600°C to 700°C (1112°F to 1292°F), hold at temperature, and air cool.
• Stress Relieving (if required): Heat to 600°C to 650°C (1112°F to 1202°F), hold, and air cool.
• Final Inspection and Testing: Conduct hardness, tensile, impact testing, and ultrasonic examination as needed.

Surface Finish

• Polishing: Using abrasive materials to achieve a glossy or mirror-like finish, smoothing the surface.
• Grinding: Removing material from the surface using a grinding wheel or abrasive belt to achieve a specified finish.
• Sandblasting: Propelling abrasive particles at high velocity against the surface to clean or etch the material.
• Pickling: Using acid solutions to remove oxides and scale from the surface.
• Passivation: Treating the surface with an acid solution to remove contaminants and enhance corrosion resistance.
• Brushing: Creating a unidirectional satin finish using a wire brush or abrasive pad.
• Electropolishing: Using an electrochemical process to remove material from the surface and improve its smoothness and brightness.
• Coating: Applying a protective or decorative layer to the surface, such as paint, powder coating, or plating.

*Customization is available upon request.

Disclaimer

The provided heat treatment and surface treatment processes are general guidelines. Actual conditions may vary depending on specific applications and requirements. It is recommended to consult with a professional metallurgist or material scientist to tailor the processes to your particular needs. The information herein is not a substitute for professional advice and should not be relied upon as such.