X52 | L360 | L360NB | HSLA Pipeline Steel
X52 | L360 | L360NB | HSLA Pipeline Steel
X52 is a high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steel used in pipeline construction. It conforms to the API 5L standard. The “X” signifies the steel grade, and “52” indicates the minimum yield strength of 52 ksi. Equivalent grades include L360NB (EN) and L360 (ISO). X52 features good weldability, toughness, and corrosion resistance. It is primarily used in the oil and gas industry to construct pipelines to transport petroleum and natural gas.
Description
Chemical Compositions
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon, C | 0.22 max |
| Manganese, Mn | 1.40 max |
| Phosphorus, P | 0.025 max |
| Sulfur, S | 0.015 max |
| Silicon, Si | 0.45 max |
| Chromium, Cr | 0.30 max |
| Nickel, Ni | 0.30 max |
| Copper, Cu | 0.30 max |
| Molybdenum, Mo | 0.15 max |
| Vanadium, V | 0.10 max |
Physical Properties
| Property | Metric Value | Imperial Value |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ | 0.284 lb/in³ |
| Melting Point | 1425-1540 °C | 2597-2800 °F |
| Boiling Point | – | – |
| Thermal Conductivity | 50 W/m·K | 28.9 BTU/(hr·ft·°F) |
| Electrical Conductivity | 1.6 MS/m | 1.6 MS/m |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.49 J/g·K | 0.117 BTU/(lb·°F) |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 11.7 µm/m·°C | 6.5 µin/in·°F |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.62 µΩ·m | 0.62 µΩ·m |
Mechanical Properties
AC (Air Cooled) Sate
| Property | Metric Value | Imperial Value |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 460 MPa | 66.7 ksi |
| Yield Strength | 360 MPa | 52.2 ksi |
| Brinell Hardness | 237 HB | 237 HB |
| Rockwell Hardness | 20.7 HRB | 20.7 HRB |
| Vickers Hardness | 225 HV | 225 HV |
| Elongation | 21% | 21% |
| Elastic Modulus | 200 GPa | 29 msi |
QT (Quenched & Tempered) State
| operty | Metric Value | Imperial Value |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 530-760 MPa | 76.9-110.2 ksi |
| Yield Strength | 360 MPa | 52,200 psi |
| Elongation | 21% | 21% |
| Reduction of Area | – | – |
| Impact Absorption Energy | – | – |
| Elastic Modulus | 200 GPa | 29 msi |
Industries & Applications
| Industry | Application |
|---|---|
| Oil and Gas | Pipelines, Offshore Drilling Rigs, Refineries, Storage Tanks |
| Petrochemical | Process Piping, Heat Exchangers, Pressure Vessels, Reactors |
| Construction | Structural Tubing, Piling, Beams, Columns |
| Power Generation | Boilers, Heat Recovery Steam Generators, Turbines, Nuclear Reactor Components |
| Automotive | Chassis Components, Fuel Systems, Exhaust Systems, Structural Parts |
| Marine | Shipbuilding, Offshore Platforms, Subsea Pipelines, Deck Structures |
| Chemical Processing | Storage Tanks, Processing Equipment, Conveyance Piping, Reactors |
| Water Treatment | Water Mains, Treatment Plant Components, Pumping Stations, Pressure Pipes |
Machining
Heat Treatment
- Normalizing: Heat the steel to 870°C to 900°C (1600°F to 1650°F), hold for 1 hour per inch of thickness, then cool in still air.
- Annealing: Heat the steel to 850°C to 900°C (1562°F to 1652°F), hold for 1 hour per inch of thickness, cool slowly in the furnace to 650°C (1202°F), then allow to cool in air.
- Quenching: Heat the steel to 860°C to 900°C (1580°F to 1650°F), hold for 1 hour per inch of thickness, then rapidly quench in water or oil.
- Tempering: Reheat the quenched steel to 540°C to 680°C (1000°F to 1250°F), hold for 1 hour per inch of thickness, then allow to cool in air.
- Stress Relieving: Heat the steel to 540°C to 650°C (1000°F to 1200°F), hold for 1 hour per inch of thickness, then cool in still air.
Surface Finish
- Hot Rolling: Enhances surface flatness and uniformity.
- Pickling: Removes scale and oxides from the surface.
- Sand Blasting: Provides a clean and rough surface for better adhesion.
- Galvanizing: Adds a protective zinc coating to prevent corrosion.
- Painting: Applies a protective and decorative coating to the surface.
*Customization is available upon request.
Disclaimer
The provided heat treatment and surface treatment processes are general guidelines. Actual conditions may vary depending on specific applications and requirements. It is recommended to consult with a professional metallurgist or material scientist to tailor the processes to your particular needs. The information herein is not a substitute for professional advice and should not be relied upon as such.
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