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Is Galvanized Steel Toxic? Safe Uses And Precautions
- John
No, galvanized steel isn’t toxic in everyday use. From your trusty garden fence to that outdoor bench or dish-drying rack, galvanized steel products are perfectly safe around the house. However, there are a few situations that need a little extra care, like when high heat or acidic foods come into play.
In this article, we’ll cover everything you need to know to use galvanized steel safely and confidently.
At What Point Does Galvanized Steel Become Toxic?
Exposure to High Heat
When galvanized steel is exposed to temperatures above 392°F (200°C), it can release toxic zinc oxide fumes. These fumes can cause “metal fume fever,” a temporary illness with flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, and fatigue.
To stay safe, avoid using galvanized steel in stoves or ovens. Additionally, high temperatures during welding or cutting galvanized steel can produce these fumes, so it’s important to take protective measures.
Contact with Acidic Substances
Galvanized steel reacts with acids. It means prolonged contact with acidic substances like citrus, tomatoes, or vinegar can cause the zinc layer to release zinc compounds.
- You can still use vinegar to clean galvanized steel when needed, but be sure to rinse it thoroughly afterward.
While the body needs a small amount of zinc daily (8–11 mg for adults), consuming zinc beyond safe levels, typically over 40 mg daily, may lead to nausea and digestive issues.
Caution with Aging Galvanized Steel
Be cautious with old, rusted galvanized steel containers, as they may increase the risk of zinc exposure and metal toxicity. The average lifespan for galvanized steel products in outdoor conditions is 15 to 20 years, depending on the environment. Indoor use generally allows for longer life, often 50 years or more.
Regularly inspect these items for signs of rust or wear, and replace them if the protective zinc coating shows significant corrosion.
Additionally, before the 1970s, lead was often used in the galvanizing process to improve results. Remember to check whether any galvanized steel items in your home that come into contact with food or water need to be changed.
How to Get Rid of Galvanized Poisoning？
Treating Metal Fume Fever
If you develop metal fume fever from inhaling zinc fumes, immediately get to fresh air and rest. Most symptoms, like fever and fatigue, will ease within 24 to 48 hours. Drinking plenty of water can support recovery by helping to clear toxins from your body.
If symptoms persist or get worse, seek medical help.
Zinc Overdose from Ingestion
For zinc overdose due to ingestion, symptoms can include nausea, stomach pain, and digestive upset. For zinc overdose due to ingestion, symptoms can include nausea, stomach pain, and digestive upset. Calcium-rich foods, such as milk or yogurt, can be helpful, as calcium can reduce zinc absorption by competing in the intestines.
If symptoms are severe or last longer than expected, consult a healthcare professional to check your zinc levels and receive any necessary treatment.
Not Toxic Uses for Galvanized Steel in Everyday Life
Outdoor Gardening: Safe for non-acidic plants in raised beds or planters, as minor zinc leaching doesn’t harm plants and can even benefit growth.
Storage and Utility Items: Suitable for indoor shelving, tool racks, and non-food containers where there’s no contact with acidic materials or heat.
Structural Applications: Ideal for fences, outdoor furniture, and HVAC ducts where corrosion resistance is needed and there’s no risk of food contact or heating.
Galvanized steel is also commonly used for buckets, trash bins, and even decorative items like wall hooks or jewelry. These small items benefit from the durability and protective zinc coating, providing long-lasting use indoors and out.
Common Questions
Is Galvanized Steel Food Grade?
For food-grade applications, galvanized steel is generally safe for dry or low-moisture food contact. However, it is not recommended for acidic foods, as the zinc coating can react with acids. This reaction can lead to corrosion and potential contamination.
Is Galvanized Steel Approved by the FDA?
The FDA considers galvanized steel safe for food preparation and transport, except for high-acid foods like tomatoes, citrus fruits, and other acidic items.
Is Galvanized Steel Safe for Birds?
Galvanized steel can be unsafe for birds, as they may ingest toxic zinc from the coating when chewing on cages, feeders, or toys. This can lead to zinc poisoning, with symptoms like lethargy and vomiting. Stainless steel or powder-coated materials are safer choices for bird enclosures.
Is Galvanized Steel toxic to Touch?
Touching galvanized steel is generally safe and poses no toxicity risk. The zinc coating does not absorb through the skin. Some people may have mild skin sensitivity to protective oils applied to new galvanized products. Simply washing hands afterward can minimize this risk.
Safety Selection For Galvanized And Stainless Steel
SteelPRO Group is your go-to supplier for premium galvanized and stainless steel materials. Our galvanized steel products include hot-dip galvanized coils and sheets (e.g., DX51D), and stainless steel like grades 304 and 316 for the food industry.
