18/0 vs 18/10: What Are the Differences?

When shopping for kitchenware or cutlery, you might come across terms like “18/0” and “18/10” stainless steel. These numbers indicate the steel’s composition and quality. In this blog, we’ll explore what these terms mean and the differences in their composition, corrosion resistance, magnetic properties, cost, durability, appearance, and applications. 

What Is 18/0 Stainless Steel?

18/0 stainless steel ( also named Grade 400 ) is an alloy of 82% iron and 18% chromium, with 0% nickel, making it affordable and magnetic. It has good corrosion resistance but lacks the durability and shine of nickel-containing stainless steel. Primarily produced through hot rolling, it’s used in budget-friendly kitchenware and flatware. Compared to 18/10 stainless steel, 18/0 is more rust-prone and less durable, but its lower cost is appealing. Annealing or other processes can enhance its finish.

What is 18/10 Stainless Steel?

18/10 stainless steel is an alloy of 72% iron, 18% chromium, and 10% nickel, known for its strength and polished appearance. Chromium ensures corrosion resistance, while nickel adds durability. It is used in high-quality kitchenware, cutlery, medical instruments, industrial applications, construction, and jewelry, offering better rust and stain resistance than 18/8 and 18/0 stainless steel, but the price will go up a little.

What Are the Differences Between 18/0 and 18/10 Stainless Steel in Composition?

The primary difference between 18/0 and 18/10 stainless steel is their nickel content. While both types contain 18% chromium, 18/0 stainless steel is nickel free, whereas 18/10 stainless steel has 10% nickel. This difference significantly impacts their properties and applications.

18/0 Stainless Steel

• Chromium (18%): Offers good corrosion resistance by creating a protective oxide layer on its surface.

• Iron (82%): The majority element, giving 18/0 its basic structure and properties.

• Nickel (0%): The absence of nickel makes this type of stainless steel more affordable and magnetic but less resistant to corrosion and wear.

18/10 Stainless Steel

• Chromium (18%): Offers excellent corrosion resistance by creating a strong protective oxide layer.

• Iron (72%): The primary element, forming the steel’s basic structure.

• Nickel (10%): Enhances corrosion resistance and durability and provides a shiny, polished appearance.

18/10 stainless steel lowers iron content and increases nickel, enhancing corrosion resistance, durability, and shine. In contrast, 18/0 has higher iron content, making it more prone to rust and less durable. Overall, 18/10 is ideal for high-quality applications, while 18/0 suits everyday use on a budget.

What Are the Differences Between 18/0 and 18/10 Stainless Steel in Corrosion Resistance?

18/10 stainless steel is more corrosion-resistant than 18/0 due to its 10% nickel content, which enhances its protective oxide layer and durability.

18/0 Stainless Steel

• Good Corrosion Resistance: The 18% chromium provides decent rust protection.

• Prone to Rust: More susceptible to rust without nickel, especially in moist environments.

• Maintenance Required: Needs regular care to prevent rust.

18/10 Stainless Steel

• Excellent Corrosion Resistance: The 18% chromium and 10% nickel create a more stable passivation layer, offering superior rust protection.

• Long-lasting Protection: Highly durable and corrosion-resistant.

• Low Maintenance: Requires less upkeep to stay rust-free.

What Are the Differences Between 18/0 and 18/10 Stainless Steel in Magnetic Properties?

Due to their different alloy compositions and crystal structures, high-iron 18/0 stainless steel is magnetic, while 18/10 stainless steel is generally non-magnetic because of its nickel content.

18/0 Stainless Steel

• Magnetic: 18/0 stainless steel is magnetic because it contains no nickel. The lack of nickel allows the natural magnetic properties of the iron to be retained. Its crystal structure is body-centered cubic (BCC), which typically exhibits strong magnetism.

• Practical Applications: This magnetic quality makes 18/0 stainless steel suitable for items like magnetic knife strips, refrigerator magnets, and other kitchen tools that benefit from being magnetic. Its magnetic properties also make it easier to sort and recycle.

18/10 Stainless Steel

• Non-Magnetic: Typically, 18/10 stainless steel is non-magnetic due to the presence of 10% nickel. The nickel disrupts the magnetic properties of the iron, making the steel non-magnetic. Its crystal structure is face-centered cubic (FCC), which generally does not exhibit good magnetism.

• Slight Magnetism Possible: Although 18/10 stainless steel is generally non-magnetic, it can become slightly magnetic after processes like cold working or bending, which realign the crystal structure of the steel.

• Applications: Its non-magnetic property is ideal for applications where magnetic interference should be minimized, such as in certain medical instruments, electronic devices, and high-end kitchenware.

What Are the Differences Between 18/0 and 18/10 Stainless Steel in Cost?

18/0 stainless steel is cheaper than 18/10 because it lacks nickel.

18/0 Stainless Steel

• Lower Cost: 18/0 stainless steel is more budget-friendly because it does not contain nickel. The absence of nickel significantly reduces production costs, making it an economical choice for everyday items.

• Affordable Option: Due to its lower cost, 18/0 stainless steel is commonly used in budget-friendly kitchenware and flatware. It provides a cost-effective solution without sacrificing basic corrosion resistance and functionality.

18/10 Stainless Steel

• Higher Cost: 18/10 stainless steel is more expensive due to the 10% nickel content. Nickel is a valuable alloying element that enhances the steel’s properties, contributing to the higher price.

• Premium Quality: The higher cost of 18/10 stainless steel reflects its superior quality, durability, and resistance to corrosion. It is often found in high-end kitchenware, cutlery, and other premium products where long-term performance and aesthetic appeal are important.

What Are the Differences Between 18/0 and 18/10 Stainless Steel in Durability and Longevity?

18/10 stainless steel is more durable and long-lasting than 18/0 stainless steel due to its nickel content, which enhances strength and corrosion resistance.

18/0 Stainless Steel

• Lower Durability: Without nickel, 18/0 stainless steel is less durable and more prone to bending, scratching, and breaking under stress.

• Moderate Longevity: While it provides basic corrosion resistance, 18/0 stainless steel is more likely to rust over time, especially with frequent exposure to moisture and harsh conditions.

• Maintenance Needs: Regular maintenance to prevent rust and ensure longevity. 18/0 stainless steel items may need more frequent replacement.

18/10 Stainless Steel

• Higher Durability: The 10% nickel content significantly enhances the strength and toughness of 18/10 stainless steel, making it highly resistant to bending, scratching, and breaking.

• Long-Lasting: Offers excellent corrosion resistance, ensuring that items made from 18/10 stainless steel maintain their integrity and appearance over time, even with frequent use and exposure to moisture.

• Low Maintenance: Requires less maintenance to remain in good condition, contributing to its long lifespan. 18/10 stainless steel items are a worthwhile investment for their durability and longevity.

What Are the Differences Between 18/0 and 18/10 Stainless Steel in Appearance and Feel?

The differences between 18/0 and 18/10 stainless steel in appearance and feel primarily lie in their shine, polish, and tactile properties. While both types are functional, 18/10 stainless steel tends to have a more polished, premium look and feel compared to 18/0 stainless steel.

Appearance

18/0 stainless steel often has a less polished, matte finish due to the absence of nickel. This results in a less shiny appearance, lacking the bright, reflective shine characteristic of higher nickel content stainless steels. Consequently, 18/0 stainless steel appears more utilitarian and is often used in budget-friendly kitchenware and flatware.

On the other hand, the 10% nickel in 18/10 stainless steel contributes to a high-polish, shiny appearance. It has a bright, reflective surface that looks more luxurious and aesthetically pleasing. The polished finish gives it a premium look, making it ideal for high-end kitchenware and cutlery.

Feel

Items made from 18/0 stainless steel can feel lighter in hand, which may affect the perceived quality. Due to the lack of nickel, 18/0 stainless steel is magnetic, which can be felt when it interacts with magnetic surfaces or objects. Additionally, the absence of nickel may result in a slightly rougher texture compared to 18/10 stainless steel.

In contrast, the addition of nickel makes 18/10 stainless steel items feel heavier and sturdier, often contributing to a higher perceived quality. It generally has a smoother surface, enhancing the tactile experience. Typically, 18/10 stainless steel is non-magnetic, although it can become slightly magnetic after certain processes like cold working.

What Are the Differences Between 18/0 and 18/10 Stainless Steel in Applications?

18/0 stainless steel is typically used in budget-friendly kitchenware and flatware, while 18/10 stainless steel is favored for high-end kitchenware, cutlery, and medical instruments due to its superior durability and corrosion resistance.

18/0 Stainless Steel

• Budget-Friendly Kitchenware: Commonly used in affordable kitchen utensils, cookware, and flatware. Its lower cost makes it an attractive option for everyday-use items that do not require extensive durability or corrosion resistance.

• Magnetic Applications: Suitable for magnetic knife strips, refrigerator magnets, and other kitchen tools where magnetic properties are beneficial.

• Short-Term Use Items: Often found in items that are used less frequently or do not undergo heavy wear and tear.

18/10 Stainless Steel

• High-End Kitchenware and Cutlery: Preferred for premium kitchen utensils, cookware, and cutlery. The 10% nickel content ensures these items are durable, corrosion-resistant, and maintain a shiny, polished appearance.

• Medical Instruments: Widely used in surgical tools and medical equipment due to its excellent hygiene properties, non-reactive surface, and resistance to rust and staining.

• Industrial Applications: Vital in industries requiring strength, durability, and corrosion resistance. This includes food processing equipment, chemical containers, and high-temperature environments.

• Construction and Architecture: Used in structural components, cladding, railings, and decorative elements that benefit from its strength and aesthetic appeal.

• Jewelry and Fashion: The attractive, shiny finish and hypoallergenic properties make 18/10 stainless steel a popular choice for jewelry, watches, and other fashion accessories.

How to Make the Right Choice for Your Kitchen between 18/0 and 18/10? 

Choosing between 18/0 and 18/10 stainless steel for your kitchen depends on your priorities regarding cost, durability, and specific use cases. If you want affordable, magnetic kitchenware, choose 18/0 stainless steel. If you prefer durable, rust-resistant, and shiny kitchenware, invest in 18/10 stainless steel.

Consider Your Budget

If you are looking for affordable kitchenware and flatware, 18/0 stainless steel is a budget-friendly option. It offers good corrosion resistance and magnetic properties, making it suitable for everyday use without breaking the bank. However, if you are willing to invest more for better quality and long-term performance, 18/10 stainless steel is worth the higher cost. Its superior durability and corrosion resistance ensure that your items will last longer and maintain their attractive appearance over time.

Assess Durability Needs

For items that will see heavy use, such as daily kitchen utensils, cookware, and high-end cutlery, 18/10 stainless steel is the better choice. The addition of nickel provides added strength and resistance to bending and breaking, making it ideal for demanding environments. If durability is less of a concern, and you need items for occasional use or specific purposes, 18/0 stainless steel will suffice.

Evaluate Corrosion Resistance

If your kitchenware is frequently exposed to moisture, such as in a dishwasher or in humid environments, 18/10 stainless steel’s superior corrosion resistance is crucial. The layer created by chromium and nickel prevents rust and preserves the steel’s integrity.

On the other hand, 18/0 stainless steel, while still corrosion-resistant, may require more maintenance to prevent rust, especially with frequent exposure to water, as it is particularly susceptible to pitting and crevice corrosion in chlorinated salt water.

Consider Aesthetic Preferences

For those who value a shiny, polished appearance in their kitchen items, 18/10 stainless steel is the preferred choice. The high nickel content provides a smooth, appealing finish that enhances the appearance of your kitchen. If aesthetics are less of a priority and functionality is more important, 18/0 stainless steel’s matte finish will be adequate.

Think About Magnetic Properties

If you need magnetic properties for specific applications, such as magnetic knife strips or storage solutions, 18/0 stainless steel is the way to go. Its magnetic nature allows for versatile use in kitchens where this feature is beneficial. 18/10 stainless steel is generally non-magnetic, which might limit its use in such scenarios.

Is 18/10 stainless steel worth it?

Yes, 18/10 stainless steel is worth it for its excellent durability, superior corrosion resistance, and attractive, polished appearance. It’s ideal for high-quality kitchenware and cutlery that will last for years.

Is 18/0 stainless steel food safe?

Yes, 18/0 stainless steel is food-safe. It is resistant to corrosion and ideal for daily use in kitchenware and flatware, although it might need extra care to prevent rusting over time.

Why is my 18/10 flatware rusting?

If your 18/10 flatware is rusting, it may be due to exposure to harsh conditions, such as prolonged contact with water, salt, or acidic foods. Ensure proper care by drying thoroughly after washing and avoiding contact with harsh chemicals.

Conclusion

Choosing between 18/0 and 18/10 stainless steel depends on your needs. For affordability and magnetic properties, go with 18/0. For durability, rust resistance, and a polished look, choose 18/10.

SteelPRO Group offers 18/0 and 18/10 series stainless steel, so whether you need flatware or semi-finished kitchenware or a wider range of industries with stainless steel needs, we can provide you with industry-leading solutions! Understand the difference and make the best decision for your kitchen. Explore our range today to find the perfect match!